TESTING PROCESS

In the last Olympics, PyeongChang 2018, 3,149 antidoping tests were conducted, making it the most robust anti-doping program in the history of the Olympic Winter Games. Of these tests, 1,393 were in competition, and 1,756 were out of competition

Of the 2,963 accredited athletes, 1,615 were tested at least once, representing 54%, with the majority being tested out of competition.

The Russian Olympic Committee was banned from competing in the 2018 Games, but athletes deemed clean could compete under the Olympic flag as Olympic Athlete from Russia (as they are this year). Four athletes tested positive for banned substances in the 2018 Games. Two of them were Olympic Athletes from Russia.

Prohibited at all times:

Non-approved substances

Anabolic agents

Peptide hormones, growth factors, related substances and mimetics

Beta-2 agonists

Hormone and metabolic modulators Prohibited in competition: Stimulants Narcotics Cannabinoids (THC) Glucocorticoids Prohibited in particular sports Beta-blockers (blood pressure medication) Not all testing violations result in a ban Status of cases in 2014 (most complete data available) More than half of the violations were for anabolic steroids or masking agents of their use.

64% Anti-doping violation

Sources: The Associated Press, World Anti-Doping Agency, BBC, International Association of Athletics Federations, International Olympic Committee, U.S. Anti-Doping Agency. Photos from The Associated Press and Wikimedia Commons Every medalist and 50% of all athletes provide ‘A’ and ‘B’ samples at an official Doping Control Station. An official from a governing agency must be present. Blood and urine samples can be required. Each sample is given a bar code for identification. Sample ‘A’ is tested. Sample ‘B’ will be used only if there is a positive or odd result on sample ‘A’.

More than 3,149 samples were analyzed at the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics and Paralympics Games. More tests are being performed in Tokyo.

The labs work around the clock, testing for the more than 240 prohibited substances.

Test results are typically released in 24 hours, but some may take longer.

All results are reported to the International Olympic Committee.

All Olympic samples will be securely stored after the Games for eight years.

10% therapeutic use exemption 14% No case to answer 6% No sanction 7% Pending