Federal office launched to pursue environmental justice
New EPA branch is to distribute billions to communities unfairly affected by pollution.
WARRENTON, N.C. — Forty years after a predominantly Black community in Warren County, N.C., rallied against hosting a hazardous waste landfill, President Biden’s top environment official visited what is widely considered the birthplace of the environmental justice movement Saturday to unveil a national office that will distribute $3 billion in block grants to underserved communities burdened by pollution.
Joined by civil rights leaders and participants in the 1982 protests, Michael S. Regan, the first Black administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, announced he was dedicating a new senior level of leadership to the environmental justice movement they ignited.
The Office of Environmental Justice and External Civil Rights — composed of more than 200 current staff members in 10 regions — will merge three existing EPA programs to oversee a portion of Democrats’ $60-billion investment in environmental justice initiatives created by the Inflation Reduction Act. The president will nominate an assistant administrator to lead the new office, pending Senate confirmation.
“Many of our communities have had to compete for very small grants because EPA’s pot of money was extremely small,” Regan said in an interview. “We’re going from tens of thousands of dollars to developing and designing a program that will distribute billions ... to those who need it the most and those who’ve never had a seat at the table.”
Biden has championed environmental justice as a centerpiece of his climate agenda since his first week in office, when he signed an executive order pledging 40% of the overall benefits from certain federal clean energy investments to disadvantaged communities overwhelmed by pollution.
The new office intertwines environmental justice with the central fabric of the EPA, Regan said, equating it to other top offices like air and water — cementing its principles in a way that will outlive the administration.
North Carolina in 1978 designated Warren County, a small, largely Black farming community along the Virginia state line, as a disposal site for truckloads of soil laced with highly carcinogenic chemical compounds that later contaminated the area’s water supply.
As the first trucks with contaminated soil rolled into town in 1982, hundreds of residents and supporters flooded the streets, blocking their path to the landfill. Though the demonstrators were unable to shut down the operation after six weeks of nonviolent protests and
more than 500 arrests, their efforts have been lauded by civil rights leaders as the impetus for a global uprising against environmental racism in minority communities.
Wayne Moseley, 73, was one of the initial protesters arrested on the first day of demonstrations. A resident of Raleigh, he commuted to Warren County to march on behalf of his mother, whose health prevented her from participating. He called Saturday’s ceremony “a homecoming” for himself and many other protesters he hadn’t seen for 40 years.
“We became a family — no Black or white, no rich or poor — we were all one,” Moseley said. “The state was hellbent on putting that dump site here. I knew we couldn’t stop it, but we could
elevate the consciousness of not only the state but the nation.”
Dollie Burwell, a protest leader known in the community as “the mother of the movement,” honored the bravery of her late daughter Kimberly Burwell, who was only 8 when she joined her mother on the front lines.
“She stood up and led so many children in the protests,” Burwell said of her daughter during the ceremony. “She was not afraid of being arrested. But she was afraid of her family and friends getting cancer” from carcinogenic compounds in the soil.
Officials have routinely targeted low-income communities of color like Warren County to host hazardous waste facilities since the early 1900s. And the neglect
of crucial infrastructure in predominantly Black communities, including Flint, Mich., and Jackson, Miss., has led to problems still seen today.
An April study by UC Berkeley and Columbia University found that largely Black and Latino neighborhoods that received low scores in a discriminatory federal housing program known as redlining were home to twice as many oil wells as majority-white communities. According to the Clean Air Task Force, Black Americans are 75% more likely than white Americans to live near a factory or plant and nearly four times as likely to die from exposure to pollutants.
The Rev. William Barber II, a prominent activist and leader of the Poor People’s
Campaign, said that he sees Regan’s announcement as “a great starting point,” adding that he will continue to demand more of the Biden administration.
“Our votes are not support. Our votes are our demands,” Barber said in an interview. “This is not about right versus left; it’s about right versus wrong. This is about a lifestyle versus disability, because when you poison the land and the water, you hurt people’s everyday life.”
Regan, a native of Goldsboro, N.C., said he grew up listening to local civil rights leaders like Barber and Burwell — the early inspirations for his work at the EPA.
“I’m taking all of these experiences and matching that with the vision of the president,” Regan said of his youth. “We’re using this opportunity to not only honor those who came before us, but we’re building on the work that they started. We’re standing on their shoulders and trying to reach higher heights.”
With just over six weeks until the midterm election, Regan is among several top Biden administration officials visiting North Carolina this month, including Vice President Kamala Harris and Treasury Secretary Janet L. Yellen.
Democrats have set their sights on the Southern swing state as a potential pickup for the U.S. Senate and other key offices.