ON THIS day

■■1682: The Chelsea Hospital for old soldiers (Chelsea Pensioners), also venue for the world-famous flower show, was founded.

■■1702: The first successful English daily newspaper, a single broadsheet called the Daily Courant, was published.

■■1819: Sir Henry Tate, sugar refiner who left his art collection to the nation which formed the basis for the Tate Gallery, was born in Chorley, Lancashire.

■■1845: In New Zealand, a Maori uprising against the British began. ■■1864: The Bradfield Reservoir, near Sheffield, burst its banks, killing 270 people.

■■1925: No, No, Nanette was premiered at the Palace Theatre, London, with Binnie Hale playing Nanette.

■■1941: The US Congress passed the Lend-Lease Bill enabling Britain to borrow millions of dollars to buy food and arms needed for the Second World War.

■■1945: The huge Krupps factory in Germany was destroyed when 1,000 Allied bombers took part in the biggest-ever daylight raid.

■■1960: Riot police stood by in the Belgian

Congo as

Patrice

Lumumba, right, the future controversial independence premier, was allowed to speak in public for the first time. He was found assassinated in the bush less than a year later. ■■1974: Kenneth and Keith Littlejohn, allegedly MI6 spies inside the IRA, escaped from prison.

■■1981: Sir Maurice Oldfield, British intelligence chief considered to be the model for Ian Fleming’s ‘M’ in the Bond novels, died.

■■1985: The Al-Fayed brothers won control of the House of Fraser Group to become owners of Harrods. ■■1988: The Bank of England pound note ceased to be legal tender at midnight, and was replaced by the pound coin.

■■1993: North Korea pulled out of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. ■■ON THIS DAY LAST YEAR: Hollywood mogul Harvey Weinstein was sentenced to 23 years in prison for rape and sexual assault. ■■BIRTHDAYS: Rupert Murdoch, media magnate, 90; Bobby McFerrin, singer, 71; Alex Kingston, actress, 58; Shane Richie, actor and presenter, 57; Laurence Llewelyn-Bowen, interior designer and TV personality, 56; Lisa Loeb, singer, 53; Thora Birch, actress, 39.

The recycled paper content of UK newspapers in 2016 was 62.8%