LETTER ABOUT LUMINESCENCE
HIW,
Dear
I was told that glow sticks are toxic and I would like to know if this is true? What’s inside them and how does luminescence suddenly appear when you crack them?
Zara Bowen
Glow sticks can be a fun addition to any party and are generally safe as long as the contents remain inside. You shouldn’t cut open a glow stick, as the chemicals inside can irritate the skin. Usually, the chemicals inside aren’t toxic, but they also aren’t edible and should be kept away from the skin and eyes. When you crack a glow stick, you’re actually breaking a thin glass vial inside the stick. This releases the chemical hydrogen peroxide and an acidic substance called phthalic ester into the plastic cylinder. This highlights another reason to avoid cutting open glow sticks, as small shards of glass penetrate the plastic cylinders if you cut or snap them apart.
The remaining chemicals are outside the glass vial before the glow stick is activated. As the chemicals mix, they react to become luminescent. It’s the hydrogen peroxide reacting with phenyl oxalate ester that creates the glow. As they react, energy is emitted that excites the surrounding dye and produces light. The hydrogen peroxide inside the small sticks is stronger than it is in other products. Hydrogen peroxide is also used as a cleaning agent and is sold in hair dyes and oral hygiene products. It can burn the mouth, throat, skin and eyes if it’s spilled or swallowed. The best way to reduce this irritation is to rinse with water immediately. While they are a mesmerising addition to celebrations and are generally safe, you should use them with caution and make sure children and pets are supervised at all times.